stress: a type of force that acts on rocks to change the shape or volume. earthquake: shaking from the seismic waves from the movement of rock under Earth's surface. shearing: stress that forces a mass of rock in two different(opposite) directions. tension:stress force that pulls on rocks, making it so its thinner in the middle. compression: force that squeezes rocks until they break. deformation: any kind of change in volume or shape of rocks in earth's crust. fault: a break in earth's crust where slabs of crust slip past each other strike-slip fault: rocks on either side of a fault slip in an opposite sideways motion. normal fault: the fault is at an angle so one block of rock lies above the fault while the other block lies below fault. hanging wall: the piece of rock that hangs at the upper part. footwall: the piece of rock that lies below. fault-block mountain: when normal faults uplift a block of rock reverse fault: has the same parts of a normal fault, but the blocks move along a reverse fault. folds: bends in rock that form when compression shortens and thickens part of Earth's crust. anticline: a fold in rock that bends upwards like a bridge. syncline: a fold in rock that bends down into a dip.
plateau: a big piece of flat land higher than sea level.
Outline
Types of Stress
Shearing
causes masses of rock to slip
Tension
stretches the rock, making it thinner
Compression
pushes rock make middle bend upwards
Kinds of Faults
Strike slip fault
two rocks slip past each other in a sideways, up, or down motion.
Table of Contents
2.1 Earth's Crust in Motion
Vocabulary
stress: a type of force that acts on rocks to change the shape or volume.
earthquake: shaking from the seismic waves from the movement of rock under Earth's surface.
shearing: stress that forces a mass of rock in two different(opposite) directions.
tension:stress force that pulls on rocks, making it so its thinner in the middle.
compression: force that squeezes rocks until they break.
deformation: any kind of change in volume or shape of rocks in earth's crust.
fault: a break in earth's crust where slabs of crust slip past each other
strike-slip fault: rocks on either side of a fault slip in an opposite sideways motion.
normal fault: the fault is at an angle so one block of rock lies above the fault while the other block lies below fault.
hanging wall: the piece of rock that hangs at the upper part.
footwall: the piece of rock that lies below.
fault-block mountain: when normal faults uplift a block of rock
reverse fault: has the same parts of a normal fault, but the blocks move along a reverse fault.
folds: bends in rock that form when compression shortens and thickens part of Earth's crust.
anticline: a fold in rock that bends upwards like a bridge.
syncline: a fold in rock that bends down into a dip.
plateau: a big piece of flat land higher than sea level.Outline
Types of Stress
Kinds of Faults
Friction along faults